Cell Communication                 Chapter 16

   I. General Principles
      A. Binding Specificity
      B. Cellular response

  II. Intracellular Receptors

 III. Cell Surface receptors
      A. Overview
      B. Classes
         1. Ion-channel-coupled receptors
         2. G-protein-coupled receptors
         3. Enzyme-coupled receptors

  IV. Ion-channel-coupled Receptors

   V. G Protein-coupled Receptors
      A. Components
      B. Receptor Structure
      C. G Protein part of GTPase Superfamily
         1. Molecular functioning
            a. Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor (GEF)
         2. Two subfamilies
            a. Trimeric
            b. Monomeric
      D. Trimeric G proteins
         1. Structure
         2. Activation
         3. Deactivation
      E. Toxins
         1. Vibrio cholera
         2. Bordetella pertussis
      F. G protein Effector Proteins
         1. adenylyl cyclase
               1) cAMP phosphodiesterase
            a. Protein Kinase A
         2. phospholipase C 
            a. PIP2
               1) DAG
               2) IP3
            b. IP3
               1) calmodulin
            c. DAG
                1)protein kinase C
         3.    ion channels
      G. Down regulation

  VI. Enzyme Coupled Receptors
      A. Overview

 VII. Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs)
      A. Structure
         1. dimers
         2. Off
      B. Ras / Raf Pathway
         1. GRB2
            a. SH2 domain
            b. SH3 domain
         2.Sos
         3. Ras
         4. Raf
         5. MAP kinase kinase kinase
         6. MAP kinase kinase
         7. MAP kinase
         8. transcription factors
         9. Turning off Ras
            a. GAP
      C. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
         1. Protein kinase B (PKB)  =  Akt
         2. Bad

VIII. Receptors with no enzymatic activity
      A. JAK / STAT pathway
         1. receptor
         2. JAK 
         3. STAT
         4. Off
            a. SOCS


      B. Protein cleavage
         1. NF-kappa B & I-kappa B