Microbial Genetics Chapter 8

1. Overview
   1. Genome
   2. Chromosome
   3. Gene
      1. functional units
         1. mRNA
         2. tRNA
         3. rRNA
   4. Central dogma of molecular biology
   5. Genotype
   6. Phenotype
2. DNA
   1. Location
   2. Composition
   3. Structure review
      1. nucleotide
         1. deoxyribose
         2. phosphate group
         3. base
      2. double helix
      3. complementary base pairing
   4. Replication
      1. DNA helicase
      2. DNA polymerase
      3. DNA ligase
      4. bidirectional
         1. antiparallel
      5. semiconservative replication
      6. accuracy
3. Gene Expression
   1. Transcription
      1. RNA review
      1. the process of Transcription
         1. Initiation
            1. RNA polymerase
               1. promoter
         2. Elongation
         3. Termination
            1. terminator
      2. gene structure
         1. operon
         2. polycistronicTranslation
      3. components
         1. mRNA
         2. ribosomes
         3. tRNA
            1. folding
               1. cloverleaf
            2. anticodon
            3. charging
      4. genetic code
         1. codon
      5. the process of Translation
         1. Initiation
            1. AUG
         2. Elongation
            1. P-site
            2. A-site
            3. E-site
         3. Termination
            1. stop codon
4. Mutation
   1. Types
      1. point mutation
         1. silent
         2. neutral
         3. missense
         4. nonsense
      2. frameshift
   2. Causes
      1. spontaneous
      2. mutagens
         1. UV - thymine dimer
   3. Identifying mutants
      1. positive (direct) selection
      2. negative (indirect) selection
         1. auxotroph
      3. Ames test
5. Genetic Recombination
   1. Transformation
      1. Frederick Griffith
   2. Conjugation
   3. Transfection